In Italy some of his poetic works remain popular, most notably his poem "La pioggia nel pineto" (The Rain in the Pinewood), which exemplifies his linguistic virtuosity as well as the sensuousness of his poetry. Biografie van Gabriele d'Annunzio Gabriele d'Annunzio werd geboren op 12 maart 1863 in Pescara. In 1934, he tried to disrupt the relationship between Hitler and Mussolini after their first meeting, even writing a satirical pamphlet about Hitler. A New York Times review in 1898 of his novel The Intruder referred to him as "evil", "entirely selfish and corrupt". When asked about this by a close friend, Mussolini purportedly stated: "When you have a rotten tooth you have two possibilities open to you: either you pull the tooth or you fill it with gold. Hij werd hiermee boegbeeld van de irredentistische beweging in Italië. His birthplace is also open to the public as a museum, Birthplace of Gabriele D'Annunzio Museum in Pescara. Legend has it that he was initially baptizedGaetano and given the name of Gabriele later in childhood, because of his … [7] Though D'Annunzio never declared himself a fascist, he has been described as the forerunner of Italian fascism[8] as his ideas and aesthetics influenced it and the style of Benito Mussolini. He was the outstanding interventionist in May 1915 and his dramatic exploits during the war won him national and international acclaim. Zijn vroegere werk is lyrisch, ietwat ontremd over het uiten van emoties, waarin naturalisme te herkennen is. For the film, see, First and last sheet of D'Annunzio's letter to Mussolini, 15 February 1920. Little wonder he captivated Mussolini. She eschews chronology in places for a chopped-up style of vignettes that works surprisingly well as she seeks to separate the man from his myths. In this exhaustive biography, Lucy Hughes-Hallett attempts to peel away the many layers of an astonishing Italian egotist who still divides opinion over his politics, poetry and prose. [13], Gabriele D'Annunzio took this latter course, and joined the staff of the Tribuna, under the pseudonym of "Duca Minimo". But then, even his children had to call him maestro. 171 broch. Gabriele D'Annunzio facts: The Italian poet and patriot Gabriele D'Annunzio (1863-1938) was one of the last major representatives of fin-de-siècle decadence in European literature. "D'Annunzio. And the lasting merit of D'Annunzio, his real value to the literature of his country, consists precisely in that he opened up the closed mine of its former life as a source of inspiration for the present and of hope for the future, and created a language, neither pompous nor vulgar, drawn from every source and district suited to the requirements of modern thought, yet absolutely classical, borrowed from none, and, independently of the thought it may be used to express, a thing of intrinsic beauty. With the war beginning he volunteered and achieved further celebrity as a fighter pilot, losing the sight of an eye in a flying accident. In 1924 he was ennobled by King Victor Emmanuel III and given the hereditary title of Prince of Montenevoso (Italian: Principe di Montenevoso). In 1897, D'Annunzio was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for a three-year term, where he sat as an independent. Although D'Annunzio had a strong influence on the ideology of Benito Mussolini, he never became directly involved in fascist government politics in Italy. L'utopia concreta di un rivoluzionario sindacalista", "D'ANNUNZIO PAYS DESERTING SAILORS; Hands Out 10,000 Francs to Crew of Destroyer—Its Officer Bound to Gun.WRANGEL TROOPS NEAR BYMany in Rome Look Hopefully to Giolitti to Find a Way Outof Flume Crisis". Although Mussolini's fascism was heavily influenced by the Carta del Carnaro, the constitution for Fiume written by Alceste De Ambris and D'Annunzio, neither wanted to play an active part in the new movement, both refusing when asked by Fascist supporters to run in the elections of 15 May 1921. Intermezzo di rime is the beginning of D'Annunzio's second and characteristic manner. Hij was ook bekend als dandy. [23] The plotters sought to have Italy annex Fiume, but were denied. He was, without doubt, a revolting man, whose rampant vanity and sexual desires knew no bounds. In those university years he started to promote Italian irredentism. The work of d' Annunzio, although by many of the younger generation injudiciously and extravagantly admired, is almost the most important literary work given to Italy since the days when the great classics welded her varying dialects into a fixed language. After the start of World War I, D'Annunzio returned to Italy and made public speeches in favor of Italy's entry on the side of the Triple Entente. the Bakar Mockery), helping to raise the spirits of the Italian public, still battered by the Caporetto disaster. De bezettingsactie van deze het fascisme en Benito Mussolini toegenegen zijnde dichter-politicus is tweeledig te interpreteren. D'Annunzio, the de facto dictator of Fiume, maintained control through what has been described as a "new and dangerously potent politics of spectacle". In September 1937, D'Annunzio met with Mussolini at the Verona train station to convince him to leave the Axis alliance. Gabriele d'Annunzio (ook gespeld als D'Annunzio; Pescara, 12 maart 1863 – Gardone Riviera, Cargnacco, 1 maart 1938) was een Italiaans schrijver, dichter en politicus. Eind 1920 nam D'Annunzio bezit van een inbeslaggenomen villa aan het Gardameer, waar hij leefde tot aan zijn dood in 1938. [13], A later phase of D'Annunzio's work is his dramatic production, represented by Il sogno di un mattino di primavera (1897), a lyrical fantasia in one act, and his Città Morta (The Dead City) (1898), written for Sarah Bernhardt. As part of an Italian nationalist reaction against the Paris Peace Conference, he set up the short-lived Italian Regency of Carnaro in Fiume with himself as Duce. Zoals vaker in hedonistische literatuur en poëzie, komt in zijn latere werk, onder invloed van Friedrich Nietzsche, Arthur Schopenhauer en Richard Wagner, het übermensch-motief centraal te staan. Hij maakte deel uit van een rijke familie. Académie royale de langue et de littérature françaises de Belgique, https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_d%27Annunzio&oldid=55551373, Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen, L'Innocente (roman), 1892; in 1976 verfilmd door. / i (auch: d’Annunzio; * 12. Then there was his bloodlust as he sought Italian participation in the first world war, with fiery nationalist speeches and sub-Nietzschean fantasies, arguing a race only won respect by spilling the blood of its young. There he collaborated with composer Claude Debussy on a musical play, Le Martyre de saint Sébastien (The Martyrdom of St Sebastian), 1911, written for Ida Rubinstein. This page was last edited on 26 September 2020, at 22:21. In his honour, the Chilean poetess Lucila Godoy Alcayaga, 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature, took the first name of her pseudonym, Tom Antongini, D'Annunzio's private secretary for more than thirty years. xilografata, frontispiece and trim always engraved on wood by Sartorio, a precursor of the ideals and techniques of Italian fascism, The Pike: Gabriele D'Annunzio, Poet, Seducer and Preacher of War, "Gabriele D'Annunzio fu anche socialista", "Gli ordini martinisti e l'ermetismo kremmerziano", "Alceste De Ambris. The incident was never explained and is considered by some historians an attempt to murder him, motivated by his popularity. And she shows the links between him and Mussolini are more blurred then suspected, with D'Annunzio constantly wary of the emerging fascist leader. Although his work had immense impact across Europe, and influenced generations of Italian writers, his fin de siècle works are now little known, and his literary reputation has always been clouded by his fascist associations. In 1894, he began a love affair with the actress Eleonora Duse which became a cause célèbre. In September 1919 he gathered together his 'legions' and captured the disputed seaport of Fiume. For more than a year, D'Annunzio is duce of it as it descends into darkness and racist divisions, a portent for scenes soon to engulf Europe. Zijn literaire stijl ontwikkelde zich en veranderde geregeld, centraal blijft min of meer de ontwikkeling tot een soort hedonisme zoals dat begin 20e eeuw opleefde. Did Mussolini use castor oil as an instrument of torture? It all makes a splendid subject for a biography, although since he wrote constantly in his notebooks, there is a surfeit of material and at times this biography sags slightly as it tries to make sense of such a well-recorded life. [9][10] Legend has it that he was initially baptized Gaetano and given the name of Gabriele later in childhood, because of his angelic looks,[11] a story that has largely been disproven.[12]. taken from the Achilles' cry in the Iliad, the dramatic and rhetorical dialogue with the crowd, the use of religious symbols in new secular settings,[8] as well as blackshirted followers (the Arditi) with their disciplined, bestial responses and strongarm repression of dissent. When the Mona Lisa was stolen, he claimed it was brought to his house. Nicoletta Pireddu, "Gabriele D'Annunzio: the art of squandering and the economy of sacrifice,” in _The Question of the Gift. Lucy Hughes-Hallett discusses The Pike at Lutyens & Rubinstein book shop, 21 Kensington Park Road, London W11 on Wednesday 6 February at 7pm (£5, including a glass of wine), Italian poet Gabriele D'Annunzio might have been a repellent human being, but he's perfect for a page-turning biography, Gabriele D'Annunzio with Mussolini in Italy, 1925.