The uses and gratification theory marked a perspective shift in the study of mass communication... Communication models and approaches facilitate the work of practitioners... As a Master of Development Communication graduate, my advocacy is to employ communication techniques to foster human empowerment and social development. The extension of the health effects caused by the exposure to particulate matter is broad. Your Journal. The increase in cities recording air pollution data reflects a commitment to air quality assessment and monitoring. 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Air pollution is one of the most pressing challenges that Metro-Manila is facing today. public awareness and participation are needed to facilitate the effort to control pollutant emissions in Metro-Manila. http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/509142/lifestyle/healthandwellness/metro-manila-s-air-quality-even-worse-this-year-data, Simpas, J., Lorenzo, G., & Cruz, M.T. The most recent data indicates the country's annual mean concentration of PM2.5 is 18 µg/m3 which exceeds the recommended maximum of 10 µg/m3. (2012). Reports from WHO stated that more than 80 percent of the people residing in urban areas are exposed to poor air quality. Bautista VII, A.T., Pabroa, P. C.B.,, F.L., Santos, F.L., Racho, JM.D., & Quirit, L.L. National Air Quality Status Report 2010-2011. Most sources of urban outdoor air pollution are well beyond the control of individuals and demand action by cities, as well as national and international policymakers to promote cleaner transport, more efficient energy production and waste management. Between 2015 to 2017, the organization and its partners worked with eight different microfinance institutions to conduct research and training in fulfilling the high demand for clean water … Air quality guidelines: Global update 2005: Particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. (2014). Currently, in most monitoring stations in Metro-Manila, data are based on measurement of PM10 emissions, as opposed to other PM sizes. It is the population of Metro-Manila who therefore bear the burden of both the morbidity and mortality caused by exposure to particulate matter. Air quality can also be influenced by natural elements such as geographic, meteorological and seasonal factors. In the Philippine context, the DENR-Report (2012) underscored that there are limited studies made by various organizations that delved into the relationship between health and air pollution. The choice of indicator to measure air quality requires serious consideration. In some regions, sand and desert dust, waste burning and deforestation are additional sources of air pollution. (2005). “Air pollution threatens us all, but the poorest and most marginalized people bear the brunt of the burden,” WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said. Strategic programs should be conducted to educate bus operators, drivers and mechanics on the need of appropriate preventive maintenance processes to reduce pollutant emissions. Twitter; Twitter ; Twitter; GENEVA-- Some 7 million people die prematurely every year from air pollution, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on human rights and the environment said Monday ahead of World Environment Day, noting there are also success stories. 3 STATE OF GLOBAL AIR / 2019 EXPOSURE TO AIR POLLUTION T wo main pollutants are considered key indicators of ambient, or outdoor, air quality: fine particle pollution — airborne particulate matter measuring less than 2.5 micrometers in aerodynamic diameter, commonly referred to as PM 2.5 — and ground-level (tropospheric) ozone. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the Philippines ranks third in mortality rate caused by air pollution. Furthermore, there is the need to establish a more effective implementation of vehicle inspection, maintenance and compliance to emission standards. Motor vehicles and transport are considered the major cause of elevated PM emissions in Metro Manila. Esperanza Cabral, former health department secretary, said efforts should be focused on addressing root causes of health problems in order to prevent deaths. Your Community. Copyright 2020 Philippine News Agency. Read the air pollution in Philippines, get real-time, historical and forecast PM2.5 and weather data with AirVisual. Studies also indicated that the risk for various outcomes has been shown to augment with exposure and there is little evidence that may suggest a threshold below which no adverse health effects would be. Most of this increase has occurred in high-income countries, but we hope to see a similar scale-up of monitoring efforts worldwide.” Neira stated. (2015). According to the report released by the Department of Environment and Natural  Resources’ Environment and Management Bureau (DENR-EMB), the air quality situation in the National Capital Region in the first quarter of 2015 was even worse than that of the end of 2014 (as cited in Metro-Manila’s Air…, 2015). Motor vehicles or transport have been found to be the major cause to elevated fine PM10 and PM2.5 in Metro-Manila (Simpas & Cruz, 2014). “Awareness is rising and more cities are monitoring their air quality. Similarly, the DENR-EMB Report (2012) indicated that despite the continuous improvement of fuel and compliance of oil companies with fuel standards, air quality in major cities remain poor, possibly due to the poor maintenance of vehicles, overloading, traffic congestion, that may lead to increased pollutant emissions. When air quality improves, global respiratory and cardiovascular-related illnesses decrease.” Neira added. Villarin, J.T., Simpas, J., Lorenzo, G., & Cruz, M.T., (2014). "Failing to ensure clean air constitutes a violation of the rights to life, health, and well-being, as well as the right to live in a healthy environment," said the UN expert. He asserted that states must take urgent action to improve air quality to fulfill their human rights obligations. Based on the assessment of the burden of ailments induced by air pollution, about two million premature deaths each year are caused by the effects of urban outdoor and indoor air pollution. "Air pollution is a silent, invisible and prolific killer that is responsible for the premature death of 7 million people each year, disproportionately affecting women, children, and poor communities," said Boyd in a statement here. The DENR-EMB report (2012) indicated that the total direct costs of the effects of exceeding particulate matter value alone on respiratory health amounted to PHP 368.8 million and PHP 400 million in 2004 and 2007 respectively. So, it is my humble intention to make use of this blog to provide relevant information and messages on specific issues and concerns to help people change behavior, take control of their lives in order to reach their full potentials. Around seven million people die annually from exposure to fine particles in polluted air that penetrate deep into the lungs and cardiovascular system, thus causing stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and respiratory infections, including pneumonia. The EMB Regional offices are tasked to routinely monitor the air quality in Metro-Manila. Your News. On the other hand, fine particles (PM 2.5) are smaller in diameter and are produced from all types of combustion such as forest fires, agricultural burning, motor vehicles and some industrial processes. Latest urban air quality database showed that 98 percent of the cities in low and middle income countries with a population of more than 100,000 do not meet the WHO guidelines. With this alarming increase in the number of private vehicles, emission of pollutants is likely to expand too. The social effects of air pollution in Metro-Manila are illustrated by the poor health of the vulnerable population, who are the women, children and the older adults residing in the affected areas. Importance of Editing In Written Communication, Fighting Air Pollution in Metro-Manila Philippines. Share. Retrieved from http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/69477/1/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf, Definition and Assumptions of the Uses and Gratification Theory, Importance of Communication Models in Communication for Development. In Metro-Manila, the monitoring station in Caloocan recorded the highest level of PM10 at 167 ug/NM3. 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